◌̂

Tanımlar (İngilizce)

1. karakter Used to indicate that the suffix -ed is pronounced with a schwa: lookèd (IPA /ˈlʊkəd/); past-tense learned vs adjective learnèd. Often used for metrical reasons.
2. karakter Sometimes used for secondary stress in glossaries that use ◌́ for primary stress when full pronunciations are not given.
3. karakter Retained in foreign (mostly French) loan words, particularly when unassimilated: à la carte, crème brûlée, pièce de résistance, pied-à-terre, tête-à-tête, vis-à-vis.
4. karakter An affectation in some proper names: e.g. Ketèlbey.
5. karakter Used to indicate that two identical vowels occur in separate morphemes and are pronounced separately: coöperate, reënter, reëstablish, noöne, reöpen.
6. karakter Used to indicate that the marked vowel is the nucleus of its own syllable: Boötes, Brontë, Chloë, Zoë, (dated) aëroplane, aërial.
7. karakter Retained in foreign (mostly French) loan words where vowels are pronounced separately: naïve (or naive), Noël (or Noel), but also for umlaut in German Götterdämmerung, Führer, and terms derived from given names, such as Möbius strip
8. karakter Used on loan words to mark e's (mostly final) that are pronounced rather than silent, e.g. animé, café, exposé, maté, resumé, paté, saké; Malé, Pokémon. (Cf. expose, mate, resume, pate, sake, male.)
9. karakter Used in glossaries, such as for Latinate technical terms or Classical names, to mark stressed syllables when full pronunciations are not given, as the pronunciation is largely predictable once stress-placement is known.
10. karakter Used to show an unexpectedly stressed syllable, or where the choice of stress is metrically important, e.g. idiosyncratic caléndar; noun rébel as opposed to verb rebél; áll trádes as a spondee rather than iamb.
11. karakter Alternative form of ◌̀.
12. karakter Used in the digraph ⟨ée⟩.

    “And in his wound the seared blood did make a gréeuous sound, As when a peece of stéele red who tane vp with tongs is drownd In water by the smith, it spirts and hisseth in the trowgh.”

13. karakter Retained in foreign loan words (mostly French é), particularly when unassimilated

    “(non-final) ancien régime, coup d'état, décor, déjà vu, détente, élite, résumé, séance.”

14. karakter Used to mark a vowel letter as having its 'long' sound: ⟨ā⟩ /eɪ/, ⟨ē⟩ /iː/, ⟨ī⟩ /aɪ/, ⟨ō⟩ /oʊ/, ⟨ū⟩ /juː/.
15. karakter Placed over a vowel letter to indicate that the syllable is long. Also used alone to mark stress in a metrical foot or verse: see ⟨ˉ⟩.
16. karakter Retained in foreign loan words (mostly French ç): façade (or facade).

    “California, like several other states, prohibits the use of diacritical marks or accents on official documents. That means no tilde (~), no accent grave (`), no umlaut (¨) and certainly no cedilla (¸).”

17. karakter The breve, used to mark a vowel letter as having its 'short' sound: ⟨ă⟩ /æ/, ⟨ĕ⟩ /ɛ/, ⟨ĭ⟩ /ɪ/, ⟨ŏ⟩ /ɒ/, ⟨ŭ⟩ /ʌ/.
18. karakter Placed over a vowel letter to indicate that the syllable is short. Also used alone to mark a syllable without stress in a metrical foot or verse: see ⟨˘⟩.
19. karakter Retained in foreign loan words (mostly French): château, crème brûlée, crêpe, maître d', mêlée, papier-mâché, rôle, tête-à-tête.