extenuate

Tanımlar (İngilizce)

1. sıfat Of a person: emaciated, wasted, weakened; of the body or part of it: atrophied, shrunken, withered.

   “It is powerfull in helping extenuat and leane perſons who are troubled with difficultie of drawing their Brath: gives vigour and ſtrength to vithered and debilitat members; […]”

2. sıfat Of a quality or thing: lessened, weakened.

   “And, that ſame Maieſty, vvhich (as the Baſe / And Pedeſtal) ſupports the vvaight and grace, / Greatnes and glory of a vvell-Rul'd State, / It not extinguiſht nor extenuate, / By being parcelliz'd to a plurality / Of petty Kinglings, of a mean Equality: […]”

3. sıfat Reduced to poverty; impoverished.
4. fiil To make (something) less dense, or thinner; also, to lower the viscosity of (something).

   “Garlyke. It doth extenuate and cutte groſſe humours and ſlymy, diſſolueth groſſe wyndes, and healeth all the body; […] yf it be ſodden vntyll it loſeth his tarteneſſe, it ſomewhat nouryſſheth, and yet looſeth not his propertie, to extenuate groſſe humours: […]”

5. fiil To make (someone or something) slender or thin; to emaciate, to waste.

   “It was deemed meritorious to disfigure the body by neglect and filth, to extenuate it by fasting and watchfulness, to lacerate it with stripes, and to fret the wounds with cilices of horsehair.”

6. fiil To underestimate or understate the importance of (something); to underrate.
7. fiil To diminish or seek to diminish the extent or severity of (a crime, guilt, a mistake, or something else negative) by making apologies or excuses; to palliate.

   “to extenuate his faults    to extenuate their crimes”

8. fiil To beat or draw (a metal object, etc.) out so as to lessen the thickness.

   “[T]he Chinians can very cunningly beate and extenuate gold into plates and leaues.”

9. fiil To reduce the quality or quantity of (something); to lessen or weaken the force of (something).

   “Arte amplifieth or extenuateth at occaſion: the reſidue is the liberality of the pen, or the poyſon of the inke: […]”

10. fiil To degrade (someone); to detract from (someone's qualities, reputation, etc.); to depreciate, to disparage.

    “[I]t hath beene ordinarie vvith politique men to extenuate and diſable learned men by the names of Pedantes: […]”